The Fair Housing Act (FHA) is a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that aims to ensure equal access to housing opportunities for all individuals, regardless of their race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status, or disability. It is a crucial component of the broader civil rights movement and was passed as part of the Civil Rights Act of 1968. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) enforces the Fair Housing Act and investigates complaints of housing discrimination. State and local fair housing agencies also play a role in enforcing fair housing laws at their respective levels.